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The Art of Influence: CPQ and Guided Configuration

Writer: Nikola NjegovanNikola Njegovan




Creativity as Environmental Influence

I’ve always been deeply inspired by people who command creativity effortlessly throughout my life. I think watching an artist interact with their environment is one of the great joys that people can experience, whether that’s watching actors perform moving stories on stage or screen, or musicians playing an instrument with skills that they’ve honed throughout their lives to interpret music written long before they were born.


I think the most significant part of that experience is the fact that it is an example of how at its core, human creativity is an interaction with the environment—a constant dialogue between what exists and what could be. We do not create from nothing; rather, we take the elements around us, reconfigure them, and apply our influence to bring about a more new and interesting state of being. This process is fundamental to everything, from the way civilizations evolve to how individuals shape their personal lives.


There is a natural tendency of the environment to move toward a state of disorder since there are infinitely more ways for things to be disorganized than organized, which means that “order” in this regard is never an accident; it is always the result of deliberate influence. This principle is evident everywhere and coming back to it as a foundational principle is the way that I have tried to organize my own thoughts when building creative solutions to help organizations drive toward their own goals to influence the environment around them, navigating the balance between “limitless” customization and structured deliverability. 


Recently, I’ve had the opportunity to design a modern commerce experience that included the capability of Configure, Price, Quote (CPQ) where that type of tension was acutely felt. How does one configure the tool necessary to subsequently…. configure tools necessary for customers to in turn land on a configuration of what they need?  


The challenge is not merely having the right tools to configure possibilities—it is about having the right mindset to understand the influences that shape meaningful configurations. Having the chance to shape this solution there’s an opportunity to make it both flexible and structured, allowing creativity without descending into chaos. This requires not just an advanced system but a guiding path, an approach that ensures every configuration aligns with realistic feasibility, strategic goals for the business, and customer needs for the interaction.


I’d like to offer a perspective that transforms CPQ from a mechanical configuration tool into a guided experience, where customization flows naturally within guardrails that ensure coherence and value.


💡 Want to explore how you can transform your CPQ strategy into a guided experience? Let’s chat about how it could work for your team.


Understanding the Forces at Play

Every configuration in CPQ is a moment of interaction between constraints and possibilities. To understand how to guide this process effectively, we must consider the three fundamental forces shaping CPQ outcomes:


  1. The People Factor: The Architects of Influence


Every CPQ interaction is driven by individuals—customers, sales teams, engineers, and business strategists—each bringing their own needs, knowledge, and constraints into the process. However, people do not always know what they want until they see what is possible. A well-designed CPQ system guides choice, rather than overwhelming it, by:

  • Curating meaningful options based on the user’s intent, past interactions, and industry norms

  • Providing intelligent suggestions using AI and machine learning to offer configurations that make sense based on data-driven insights.

  • Facilitating collaboration between customers and sales reps so that configurations are not just transactional but co-created experiences.


CPQ is not just a tool—it is just a medium of influence, where the system shapes decisions just as much as users shape configurations.


  1. The Process Factor: Creating Order from Infinite Possibilities


A naive CPQ system attempts to list every possible combination, but this approach quickly collapses under its own weight. The true power of CPQ is not in displaying infinite choices but in ensuring that the process guides users toward coherence.


To maintain both freedom and feasibility, CPQ must embed:

  • Dynamic constraints that prevent impossible or impractical configurations.

  • Context-aware workflows that adjust based on industry, compliance requirements, and real-time availability.

  • Automated validation to ensure that configurations are not just theoretically possible, but practically viable for production, delivery, and service.


Without structure, CPQ becomes chaos; without flexibility, it becomes rigidity. The key is guided emergence—where the system shapes paths naturally rather than dictating rigid options.


  1. The Technology Factor: The Invisible Hand of Influence


Modern CPQ systems are powered by advanced technologies—AI, real-time data integration, digital twins—but technology alone does not create better outcomes. Instead, it amplifies the design choices embedded in the system.


The best CPQ systems use technology not just to process choices but to guide and enrich decision-making, through:

  • Predictive analytics that highlight the best configurations based on historical and market trends.

  • AI-driven recommendations that anticipate customer needs.

  • Augmented reality or digital twins that allow users to visualize configurations before making a final decision.


Technology should function as the silent architect, shaping experiences behind the scenes to ensure that users feel empowered rather than overwhelmed.


The Role of Guardrails: Channeling Creativity into Meaningful Configurations

Much like a river needs a riverbed to give it direction, CPQ systems require guardrails to ensure that customization flows toward valuable and viable outcomes rather than dissipating into confusion.


These guardrails do not restrict creativity; they enhance it by providing a structured environment where meaningful configurations emerge naturally.


  1. Intelligent Guardrails: Nudging Toward the Best Outcomes


Guardrails in CPQ should function like a seasoned guide—always present, yet never intrusive. These include:

  • Guided selection paths that dynamically adjust based on user needs.

  • Predefined templates that provide a starting point while allowing room for customization.

  • Real-time feasibility checks that prevent users from reaching dead ends.


This ensures that users always feel in control, while the system gently nudges them toward viable and valuable configurations.


  1. Personalization Without Overload


A CPQ system should never make users sift through irrelevant choices. Instead, it should present:

  • Contextual options based on industry, location, and past purchases.

  • Role-based filtering, ensuring that different users (engineers, sales reps, customers) see only what’s relevant to them.

  • Scenario modeling, where users can compare configurations based on cost, performance, and sustainability factors.


The result? Faster decisions, better alignment, and a frictionless experience.


  1. Modular Thinking: Building for Both Customization and Scalability


Instead of trying to accommodate every possible configuration, CPQ should be designed as a modular system where:

  • Components are interchangeable, ensuring adaptability.

  • Core structures remain intact, ensuring standardization.

  • APIs allow for integrations, ensuring seamless connectivity.


This allows businesses to scale CPQ without sacrificing flexibility or control.


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The Future of CPQ: From Static Tools to Living Systems


As AI, real-time data, and digital ecosystems advance, CPQ will move beyond being a simple configuration engine—it will become a living system that dynamically adapts to user needs and market conditions.


The future CPQ will:

  • Learn from user behavior to refine recommendations.

  • Integrate seamlessly with supply chains to reflect real-time feasibility.

  • Optimize for sustainability and efficiency, ensuring that configurations align with business goals beyond just price and function.


The ultimate goal? To transform CPQ into a strategic enabler, where every configuration is not just a transaction but a moment of co-creation between business, customer, and technology. A well-designed CPQ system does not just allow customization—it guides it intelligently to: 

  • Empower users with guided choice, rather than infinite options.

  • Ensure feasibility by embedding real-world constraints into configurations.

  • Drive strategic alignment between product offerings, operational efficiency, and customer expectations.


Human creativity is about shaping the world around us. CPQ is just an expression of that fact—it is a tool of influence and a medium through which businesses and customers co-create meaningful solutions.


The businesses that embrace this approach will not just sell products—they will craft experiences, forge partnerships, and shape the future of commerce.


💡 Want to explore how CPQ can be a strategic advantage for your team? Let’s talk.


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